Born in Pingli, Liao Qianwu joined the Communist Party of China in 1992 and served as a party representative of the "Iron Armor Caravan" founded by Sun Yat-sen and director of the Fourth Military Political Department of the National Revolutionary Army. He was marshal He Long's party introducer, one of the important plotters of the "August 1st" Nanchang Uprising, and the director of the 4th military and political department of the national revolutionary army.